Which agency within the Department of Health and Human Services conducts biomedical research to understand disease causes and treatments?

• A. Department of Defense
• B. Health Resources and Services Administration
• C. National Institutes of Health
• D. Health Promotion

Answer: (C)

The main idea is that the National Institutes of Health is the primary biomedical research agency within the Department of Health and Human Services. NIH conducts and funds extensive research to uncover how diseases start and progress and to develop new treatments and prevention strategies. It supports basic science, translational work, and clinical trials across a wide range of conditions, translating discoveries into real medical advances.

The other options don’t fit because they have different roles. The Department of Defense is a military department focused on defense-related health matters, not the broad biomedical research mission within HHS. The Health Resources and Services Administration works to improve access to care and strengthen the health care workforce, rather than leading biomedical research. “Health Promotion” isn’t an agency at all; it refers to public health efforts rather than a federal research entity.